Jayeshbhai Chaudhari, The Nhu Nguyen, Hiep L X Vu To investigate the role of PRRSV nonstructural proteins (nsps) in viral RNA replication and transcription, we generated a cDNA clone of PRRSV strain NCV1 carrying the nanoluciferase (nluc) gene under the control of the transcription regulatory sequence 6 (TRS6) designated as pNCV1-Nluc. Cells transfected with the pNCV1-Nluc DNA […]

Jayeshbhai Chaudhari, Chia-Sin Liew, Jean-Jack M Riethoven, Sarah Sillman, Hiep L X Vu Porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) is one of the primary cellular targets for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), but less than 2% of PAMs are infected with the virus during the acute stage of infection. To comparatively analyze the host transcriptional response between PRRSV-infected PAMs […]

Jayeshbhai Chaudhari, Hiep L X Vu Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus that is known to infect only pigs. The virus emerged in the late 1980s and became endemic in most swine producing countries, causing substantial economic losses to the swine industry. The first reverse genetics system for […]

Hung Q. Luong, Huong T. L. Lai, and Hiep L. X. Vu Luciferase-immunoprecipitation system (LIPS), a liquid phase immunoassay, was used to evaluate antibody responses directed against the structural proteins of PRRSV in pigs that were experimentally infected with virulent PRRSV strains. First, the viral N protein was used as a model antigen to validate the assay. The […]

Jayeshbhai Chaudhari, Chia-Sin Liew, Aspen M Workman, Jean-Jack M Riethoven, David Steffen, Sarah Sillman, Hiep L X Vu Both virulent and live-attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains can establish persistent infection in lymphoid tissues of pigs. To investigate the mechanisms of PRRSV persistence, we performed a transcriptional analysis of inguinal lymphoid tissue collected from pigs experimentally infected with […]

Haiyan Sun, Aspen Workman, Fernando A Osorio, David Steffen, Hiep L X Vu Modified-live virus (MLV) vaccines are widely used to protect pigs against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). However, current MLV vaccines do not confer adequate levels of heterologous protection, presumably due to the substantial genetic diversity of PRRSV isolates circulating in the field. To overcome […]

Kathryn Kimpston-Burkgren, Ignacio Correas, Fernando A Osorio, David Steffen, Asit K Pattnaik, Ying Fang, Hiep L X Vu The minor glycoproteins (GPs) of PRRSV, GP2, GP3, and GP4, form a heterotrimer that is required for viral infectivity, presumably due to its interaction with the key cellular receptor CD163. These 3GPs are encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) 2a, 3 and 4 […]

Ignacio Correas, Fernando A Osorio, David Steffen, Asit K Pattnaik, Hiep L X Vu Because porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) exhibits extensive genetic variation among field isolates, characterizing the extent of cross reactivity of immune responses, and most importantly cell-mediated immunity (CMI), could help in the development of broadly cross-protective vaccines. We infected 12 PRRSV-naïve pigs with […]

Hiep L X Vu, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important viral pathogens currently affecting swine production worldwide. Although PRRS vaccines have been commercially available for over 20 years, the available vaccines are considered inadequately effective for control and eradication of the virus. Major […]

Haiyan Sun, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio, Hiep L X Vu We recently generated a fully synthetic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain (designated as PRRSV-CON), which confers unprecedented levels of heterologous protection. We report herein that the synthetic PRRSV-CON possesses a unique phenotype in that it induces type-I interferons (IFNs) instead of suppressing these cytokines […]