Ignacio Correas, Fernando A Osorio, David Steffen, Asit K Pattnaik, Hiep L X Vu Because porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) exhibits extensive genetic variation among field isolates, characterizing the extent of cross reactivity of immune responses, and most importantly cell-mediated immunity (CMI), could help in the development of broadly cross-protective vaccines. We infected 12 PRRSV-naïve pigs with […]

Hiep L X Vu, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important viral pathogens currently affecting swine production worldwide. Although PRRS vaccines have been commercially available for over 20 years, the available vaccines are considered inadequately effective for control and eradication of the virus. Major […]

Haiyan Sun, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio, Hiep L X Vu We recently generated a fully synthetic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain (designated as PRRSV-CON), which confers unprecedented levels of heterologous protection. We report herein that the synthetic PRRSV-CON possesses a unique phenotype in that it induces type-I interferons (IFNs) instead of suppressing these cytokines […]

Aspen M Workman, Timothy P L Smith, Fernando A Osorio, Hiep L X Vu A recent outbreak of particularly virulent disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus has occurred in swine herds across the United States. We report here the complete genome sequence of eight viral isolates from four Nebraska herds experiencing an outbreak of severe […]

Hiep L X Vu, Fangrui Ma, William W Laegreid, Asit K Pattnaik, David Steffen, Alan R Doster, Fernando A Osorio Current vaccines do not provide sufficient levels of protection against divergent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains circulating in the field, mainly due to the substantial variation of the viral genome. We describe here a novel approach to generate […]

Hiep L X Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Marcelo de Lima, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines have proven extremely useful for control and eradication of infectious diseases in livestock. We describe here the characterization of a serologic marker epitope, so-called epitope-M201, which can be a potential target for development of a live-attenuated DIVA […]

Lalit K Beura, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Hiep L X Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio The non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is partly responsible for inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) response by the infected host. By performing alanine-scanning mutagenesis, we have identified amino acid residues in nsp1α and nsp1β (the proteolytic […]

Hiep L X Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Kyoung-Jin Yoon, William W Laegreid, Asit K Pattnaik, Fernando A Osorio Passive administration of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can effectively protect pigs against PRRSV infection. However, after PRRSV infection, pigs typically develop a weak and deferred NAb response. One major reason for such a meager NAb response is […]

Phani B Das, Hiep L X Vu, Phat X Dinh, Jonathan L Cooney, Byungjoon Kwon, Fernando A Osorio, Asit K Pattnaik The role of N-glycosylation of the three minor envelope glycoproteins (GP2, GP3, and GP4) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on infectious virus production, interactions with the receptor CD163, and neutralizing antibody production in infected pigs was examined. […]